Ibuprofen

 Ibuprofen

Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to relieve pain, inflammation, and fever. It works by blocking the production of prostaglandins, the chemicals that cause pain, swelling, and fever. 

Uses

Headache

Toothache

Muscle and joint pain

Back pain

Menstrual cramps

Arthritis

Fever

Sprains and strains 

Adult dosage

200–400 mg every 4–6 hours as needed.

Do not exceed 1,200 mg/day without medical advice. Prescription doses may be higher under a doctor's supervision. 

Common side effects

Stomach pain or heartburn

Nausea

Indigestion

Dizziness 

Serious risks

Seek medical attention if you develop:

Black or bloody stools

Vomiting blood

Chest pain or shortness of breath

Severe allergic reaction (swelling of the face or difficulty breathing)

Reduced urine output or signs of kidney problems 

Who should avoid ibuprofen?

People with stomach ulcers or gastrointestinal bleeding

Those with severe kidney disease

People with severe heart failure

Anyone allergic to NSAIDs (including aspirin)

Pregnant women, especially during the third trimester, unless advised by a healthcare professional 

Tips for safe use

Take with food or milk to reduce stomach irritation.

Avoid combining it with other NSAIDs (such as diclofenac or naproxen) unless advised by a doctor.

Avoid long-term use without medical supervision.